Criminal offence

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Intenção no criminal law[2] refere-se à vontade consciente de cometer um ato nocivo, caracterizada pelo conhecimento e ação deliberada do agente. Abrange vários tipos, incluindo intenção direta, indireta e normativa, com dimensões psicológicas e jurídicas. Na jurisprudence[1] penal brasileira, os crimes intencionais são punidos mais severamente do que os negligentes, particularmente em casos que envolvem ofensas que ameaçam a vida. O Court[4] do Júri desempenha um papel crucial na determinação da intencionalidade, avaliando evidências como prova circunstancial, relatórios periciais e testemunhos. Provar a intenção requer demonstrar o state[5] mental do agente e a escolha deliberada de cometer o ato criminal[3]. As consequências legais dos crimes intencionais podem envolver penas substanciais de prisão, multas e perda de direitos civis, refletindo a gravidade da culpabilidade do agente e o dano[6] social causado.

Terms definitions
1. jurisprudence. Case law is the systematic study of legal principles and judicial decisions, originating in Roman law and developing through English common law. It encompasses the interpretation and application of laws by the courts, serving to fill legal gaps and adapt to contemporary societal needs. Judicial decisions provide critical guidance for legal practice, with specialised databases helping lawyers navigate complex legal landscapes. While laws have broader application and are created through legislative processes, court decisions offer specific interpretations and precedents within a given jurisdiction. The discipline plays a crucial role in understanding legal customs, resolving disputes and ensuring consistent judicial reasoning. Modern jurisprudence relies on technological solutions to categorise and analyse court decisions, enabling more efficient legal research and interpretation.
2. criminal law. Criminal law is a complex legal system that governs social conduct and criminal behaviour. Rooted in historical traditions such as Roman law and canon law, it aims to protect fundamental rights such as life, liberty and property. The field balances state power with individual rights, emphasising principles of human dignity, proportionality and due process of law. Key principles include legality, presumption of innocence and minimum intervention. Theoretical approaches range from the retributive model (punishment as justice) to preventive and restorative models, focusing on crime prevention and offender rehabilitation. Sources include penal codes, criminal procedure legislation and judicial precedents. Notable scholars such as Roxin, Bitencourt and Figueiredo Dias have contributed significantly to its development. Criminal law ultimately seeks to maintain social order while respecting individual human rights, using legal mechanisms as a last resort to address social conflicts.
Criminal offence (Wikipedia)

O intentional crime, também chamado de crime ou dano comissivo or intencional, é aquele em que o agente prevê o resultado lesivo de sua conduta e, mesmo assim, leva-a adiante, ocasionando o resultado.

Classifica-se em direto, quando há a previsão do resultado lesivo mais a vontade livre e consciente de produzi-lo, e indireto, quando há a previsão do resultado lesivo mais a aceitação de sua ocorrência.

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