Code of Theodosius

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O Código de Teodósio II^[4], concluído em 438, representa a primeira compilação sistemática de leis do Roman Empire^[2]. Abrangendo o período de 313-437, o código contém mais de 2.500 leis que refletem aspetos políticos, sociais, económicos e religiosos dos séculos IV e V. Escrito em Latin^[6], incorporou legislações de Constantinopla e Roma, com forte ênfase na ortodoxia cristã. Organizado em 16 livros baseados em diferentes manuscritos, o documento foi fundamental para consolidar o roman law^[5] tardio. Precedido pelos Códigos Gregoriano e Hermogeniano, o Código Teodosiano serviu como fonte primária essencial para estudiosos, oferecendo insights sobre a administration^[3] imperial, práticas legais e transformações sociais do período. Posteriormente, influenciou significativamente o Corpus Juris Civilis^[1] de Justiniano, tornando-se um marco na história jurídica romana.

Terms definitions

1. ↑ Corpus Juris Civilis ( Corpus Juris Civilis ) The Corpus Juris Civilis, commissioned by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I in the 6th century, was a comprehensive legal compilation designed to unify and expand Byzantine legislation. Led by Tribonian, a minister of justice, the project involved the creation of four main components: the Institutes, the Digest, the Code and the Novels. The Institutes served as an introductory legal manual for students, while the Digest compiled fragments from classical Roman jurists. The original Code, published in 529, was later revised in 534 as the Codex Vetus. The process involved harmonising various legal opinions and updating existing imperial constitutions. This groundbreaking work systematically organised legal principles covering people, things and actions, and became a fundamental text in legal education, significantly influencing subsequent legal systems in Europe and beyond.

2. ↑ Roman Empire ( Roman Empire ) The Roman Empire evolved from a republic into an expansive and complex civilisation that spanned several centuries. Initially expanding from the Italian peninsula through military conquests, it developed sophisticated administrative and legal systems. The transition from republic to empire took place under Augustus, who established imperial governance and began the Principate period. Throughout its history, the empire experienced significant political transformations, including periods of stability under the "Good Emperors" and subsequent crises. Roman society was characterised by advanced infrastructure, a robust economy based on agriculture and trade, and a sophisticated legal system. Latin served as the main administrative language, and Roman culture strongly influenced architecture, law and social structures. The empire's territorial high point occurred under Trajan, with its western territories ultimately falling to barbarian invasions in 476 AD, while the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) continued until 1453.

Code of Theodosius (Wikipedia)

O Código de Teodósio or Teodosiano (também Códex or Códice de Teodósio; in Latin: Codex Theodosianus), foi uma compilação das leis do Roman Empire sob os imperadores cristãos desde 312. Teodósio II (r. 408–450) criou uma comissão com esta finalidade em 429, e a compilação foi publicada na metade oriental do Império Romano em 438. Um ano depois, o código foi também introduzido no West pelo imperador Valentiniano III (r. 423–455).

Código de Teodósio
Código de Teodósio
Signatory(s)	Teodósio II
Created	429
Ratification	438

Glossary

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