{"id":1209,"date":"2024-12-05T20:38:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-05T21:38:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/glossary\/historia-das-cidades\/"},"modified":"2024-12-05T20:38:41","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T21:38:41","slug":"historia-das-cidades","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/historia-das-cidades\/","title":{"rendered":"History of cities"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>O desenvolvimento urbano tra&ccedil;a a <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/civilizacao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">civilisation<\/a><span id=\"cmttFootnoteLink1-0\" class=\"cmtt-footnote\"><sup><a class=\"et_smooth_scroll_disabled cmtt_footnote_link cmtt-footnote-deflink\" href=\"#cmttFootnoteLink1\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #325afb; font-style : none ;\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/span> humana desde ca&ccedil;adores-coletores n&ocirc;mades at&eacute; sociedades complexas. Os primeiros assentamentos surgiram pr&oacute;ximos a fontes de &aacute;gua, com as civiliza&ccedil;&otilde;es mesopot&acirc;mica e eg&iacute;pcia estabelecendo as primeiras grandes cidades ao longo de rios. Os avan&ccedil;os agr&iacute;colas e as redes comerciais permitiram a concentra&ccedil;&atilde;o populacional, levando ao surgimento de centros administrativos, religiosos e comerciais. Os per&iacute;odos cl&aacute;ssicos viram significativo crescimento urbano nas culturas grega, romana e isl&acirc;mica, com cidades desenvolvendo infraestruturas sofisticadas como sistemas de esgoto e muralhas fortificadas. A Revolu&ccedil;&atilde;o Industrial transformou dramaticamente as paisagens urbanas, criando cidades industriais e maci&ccedil;as migra&ccedil;&otilde;es populacionais. Inova&ccedil;&otilde;es tecnol&oacute;gicas e mudan&ccedil;as econ&ocirc;micas redesenharam continuamente as cidades, levando ao surgimento de megacidades e ambientes urbanos complexos. Os desafios contempor&acirc;neos incluem gerir a sustentabilidade, abordar a desigualdade e integrar solu&ccedil;&otilde;es tecnol&oacute;gicas. Ao longo da hist&oacute;ria, as cidades t&ecirc;m sido espa&ccedil;os din&acirc;micos de intera&ccedil;&atilde;o humana, interc&acirc;mbio econ&ocirc;mico e desenvolvimento cultural, refletindo a complexidade evolutiva das sociedades e suas capacidades tecnol&oacute;gicas.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnotes-block\"><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-header\">Terms definitions<\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-header-border\"><\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-def\" id=\"cmttFootnoteLink1\"><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-number\">1. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-back\"><a class=\"cmtt_footnote_link cmtt-footnote-backlink\" href=\"#cmttFootnoteLink1-0\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #325afb; font-style : none ;\"> &#8593; <\/a><\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-key\"> <a aria-describedby=\"tt\" href=\"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/civilizacao\/\" class=\"glossaryLink\" target=\"_blank\">civilisation<\/a>. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-content\"> The concept of civilisation encompasses complex socio-cultural transformations driven by technological revolutions, representing dynamic changes in human social organisation. Civilisations are characterised by unique cultural identities, encompassing distinct ideas, customs, arts and manufacturing practices that tend to spread and influence other cultural spheres. Scholars such as Samuel Huntington and Darcy Ribeiro have proposed different frameworks for understanding civilisational development, identifying multiple cultural zones and historical trajectories. These perspectives explore how societies evolve through technological, social and cultural changes, highlighting the non-linear nature of human progression. The study of civilisations involves analysing processes of cultural hegemony, social self-regulation and potential conflicts arising from ideological and cultural differences. The concept goes beyond mere social structures, representing broader cultural identity and encompassing intricate patterns of human interaction and transformation. <\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-bottom-border\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O desenvolvimento urbano tra&ccedil;a a civiliza&ccedil;&atilde;o humana desde ca&ccedil;adores-coletores n&ocirc;mades at&eacute; sociedades complexas. Os primeiros assentamentos surgiram pr&oacute;ximos a fontes de &aacute;gua, com as civiliza&ccedil;&otilde;es mesopot&acirc;mica e eg&iacute;pcia estabelecendo as primeiras grandes cidades ao longo de rios. Os avan&ccedil;os agr&iacute;colas e as redes comerciais permitiram a concentra&ccedil;&atilde;o populacional, levando ao surgimento de centros administrativos, religiosos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnotes-block\">\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnote-header\">Terms definitions<\/div>\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnote-header-border\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnote-def\" id=\"cmttFootnoteLink1\"><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-number\">1. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-back\"><a class=\"cmtt_footnote_link cmtt-footnote-backlink\" href=\"#cmttFootnoteLink1-0\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #325afb; font-style : none ;\"> &uarr; <\/a><\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-key\"> <a aria-describedby=\"tt\" href=\"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/civilizacao\/\" class=\"glossaryLink\" target=\"_blank\">civilisation<\/a>. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-content\"> O conceito de civiliza&ccedil;&atilde;o abarca transforma&ccedil;&otilde;es socioculturais complexas impulsionadas por revolu&ccedil;&otilde;es tecnol&oacute;gicas, representando mudan&ccedil;as din&acirc;micas na organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o social humana. As civiliza&ccedil;&otilde;es s&atilde;o caracterizadas por identidades culturais &uacute;nicas, englobando ideias, <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/customs\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>customs<\/a><span id=\"cmttFootnoteLink2-0\" class=\"cmtt-footnote\"><sup><a class=\"et_smooth_scroll_disabled cmtt_footnote_link cmtt-footnote-deflink\" href=\"#cmttFootnoteLink2\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #325afb; font-style : none ;\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/span>, artes e pr&aacute;ticas de manufatura distintas que tendem a se espalhar e influenciar outras esferas culturais. Estudiosos como Samuel Huntington e Darcy Ribeiro propuseram diferentes estruturas para compreender o desenvolvimento civilizacional, identificando m&uacute;ltiplas zonas culturais e trajet&oacute;rias hist&oacute;ricas. Essas perspetivas exploram como as sociedades evoluem atrav&eacute;s de mudan&ccedil;as tecnol&oacute;gicas, sociais e culturais, destacando a natureza n&atilde;o linear da progress&atilde;o humana. O estudo das civiliza&ccedil;&otilde;es envolve analisar processos de hegemonia cultural, autorregula&ccedil;&atilde;o social e potenciais conflitos decorrentes de diferen&ccedil;as ideol&oacute;gicas e culturais. O conceito vai al&eacute;m das meras estruturas sociais, representando a identidade cultural mais ampla e abrangendo padr&otilde;es intrincados de intera&ccedil;&atilde;o e transforma&ccedil;&atilde;o humana. <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnote-bottom-border\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmtt-footnotes-block\"><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-header\">Terms definitions<\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-header-border\"><\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-def\" id=\"cmttFootnoteLink1\"><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-number\">1. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-back\"><a class=\"cmtt_footnote_link cmtt-footnote-backlink\" href=\"#cmttFootnoteLink1-0\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #325afb; font-style : none ;\"> &#8593; <\/a><\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-key\"> <a aria-describedby=\"tt\" href=\"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/civilizacao\/\" class=\"glossaryLink\" target=\"_blank\">civilisation<\/a>. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-content\"> The concept of civilisation encompasses complex socio-cultural transformations driven by technological revolutions, representing dynamic changes in human social organisation. Civilisations are characterised by unique cultural identities, encompassing distinct ideas, customs, arts and manufacturing practices that tend to spread and influence other cultural spheres. Scholars such as Samuel Huntington and Darcy Ribeiro have proposed different frameworks for understanding civilisational development, identifying multiple cultural zones and historical trajectories. These perspectives explore how societies evolve through technological, social and cultural changes, highlighting the non-linear nature of human progression. The study of civilisations involves analysing processes of cultural hegemony, social self-regulation and potential conflicts arising from ideological and cultural differences. The concept goes beyond mere social structures, representing broader cultural identity and encompassing intricate patterns of human interaction and transformation. <\/span><\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-def\" id=\"cmttFootnoteLink2\"><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-number\">2. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-back\"><a class=\"cmtt_footnote_link cmtt-footnote-backlink\" href=\"#cmttFootnoteLink2-0\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #325afb; font-style : none ;\"> &#8593; <\/a><\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-key\"> <a aria-describedby=\"tt\" href=\"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/glossary\/customs\/\" class=\"glossaryLink\" target=\"_blank\">customs<\/a>. <\/span><span class=\"cmtt-footnote-def-content\"> Customs are social rules stemming from repeated practices in a specific cultural context, characterised by objective (corpus consuetudo) and subjective (animus) elements. They reflect the psychological conviction of behavioural obligations in different societies. These practices cover various domains, including legal, social and anthropological perspectives. Examples range from traditional behaviours to potential criminal activities, such as curandeirismo and capoeira. Legally, customs distinguish between habitual and typical offences, focusing on the social perception of the practices. Sociologically, they represent essential values and transmit cultural norms that define acceptable behaviour. Customs are intrinsically linked to broader concepts such as habitus, customary law and legal anthropology, demonstrating how social practices evolve and become normalised within specific cultural frameworks. They serve as a lens through which societies understand and categorise human behaviour. <\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cmtt-footnote-bottom-border\"><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[],"glossary-tags":[],"glossary-languages":[],"class_list":["post-1209","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry"],"post_title":"Hist\u00f3ria das cidades","post_content":"O desenvolvimento urbano tra\u00e7a a civiliza\u00e7\u00e3o humana desde ca\u00e7adores-coletores n\u00f4mades at\u00e9 sociedades complexas. Os primeiros assentamentos surgiram pr\u00f3ximos a fontes de \u00e1gua, com as civiliza\u00e7\u00f5es mesopot\u00e2mica e eg\u00edpcia estabelecendo as primeiras grandes cidades ao longo de rios. Os avan\u00e7os agr\u00edcolas e as redes comerciais permitiram a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o populacional, levando ao surgimento de centros administrativos, religiosos e comerciais. Os per\u00edodos cl\u00e1ssicos viram significativo crescimento urbano nas culturas grega, romana e isl\u00e2mica, com cidades desenvolvendo infraestruturas sofisticadas como sistemas de esgoto e muralhas fortificadas. A Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial transformou dramaticamente as paisagens urbanas, criando cidades industriais e maci\u00e7as migra\u00e7\u00f5es populacionais. Inova\u00e7\u00f5es tecnol\u00f3gicas e mudan\u00e7as econ\u00f4micas redesenharam continuamente as cidades, levando ao surgimento de megacidades e ambientes urbanos complexos. Os desafios contempor\u00e2neos incluem gerir a sustentabilidade, abordar a desigualdade e integrar solu\u00e7\u00f5es tecnol\u00f3gicas. Ao longo da hist\u00f3ria, as cidades t\u00eam sido espa\u00e7os din\u00e2micos de intera\u00e7\u00e3o humana, interc\u00e2mbio econ\u00f4mico e desenvolvimento cultural, refletindo a complexidade evolutiva das sociedades e suas capacidades tecnol\u00f3gicas.","acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/1209"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/1209\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossary-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-categories?post=1209"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-tags?post=1209"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advogados.cv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-languages?post=1209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}