Social norm

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As normas sociais são regras informais que regulam o comportamento através do consenso social e sanções. Elas orientam as ações individuais ao estabelecer padrões esperados de conduta dentro de uma society[1]. As normas emergem através de interações complexas entre pessoas, envolvendo ações individuais, reações e entendimentos negociados. Elas desempenham um papel crítico na manutenção da ordem social e no controle da dinâmica de grupo. Conceitos relacionados incluem convenções, contracultura e heteronormatividade. A exploração académica das normas sociais envolve examinar como estas regras não escritas moldam a interação humana e o comportamento coletivo. Investigadores como Fukuyama estudaram as implicações mais amplas das normas sociais na compreensão da natureza humana e das estruturas societais. Embora as normas possam variar através de culturas e contextos, elas fundamentalmente servem como mecanismos para coordenar interações sociais e estabelecer expectativas partilhadas sobre conduta apropriada.

Terms definitions
1. society. A society is a group of individuals interacting to achieve common goals, sharing a fundamental principle of bonding. Characterised by networks of interconnected relationships, societies can be institutionalised or non-institutionalised, ranging from bands and tribes to complex state structures. Communities serve as intermediary groups between individuals and wider societal structures, encompassing family, professional and social networks. Anthropological perspectives emphasise the organisation of societies based on subsistence, technology and communication, challenging previous hierarchical notions. Social norms and institutions play crucial roles in maintaining group cohesion, with mechanisms such as generosity, status recognition and shared rituals. The evolution of societies reflects changing dynamics of cooperation, specialisation and adaptation, demonstrating how human groups organise themselves to survive and thrive in different cultural and environmental contexts.
Social norm (Wikipedia)

Em sociology, a standard or norma social, é uma regra socialmente reforçada. A sanção social é o que distingue as normas de outros produtos culturais or constructos sociais tais como significado e valores. Normas e ausência de normas afetam de forma ampla o comportamento humano.

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