Detention

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Na legislação brasileira, a detenção abrange tanto a prisão cautelar quanto a prisão correcional. A detenção correcional segue um julgamento, mantendo o arguido os seus direitos legais. De acordo com o Artigo 33 do Código Penal, os indivíduos condenados cumprem sentenças em regimes semiaberto ou aberto, distinguindo-se da incarcerização. O regime aberto envolve o cumprimento da sentença em casa de transição, enquanto o regime semiaberto ocorre em colónias agrícolas ou industriais. Esta abordagem enfatiza a reabilitação e a reintegração gradual dos infratores na society[1], oferecendo condições mais flexíveis em comparação com a seclusion[2] em regime fechado. O quadro legal proporciona uma abordagem matizada à gestão de sentenças criminais, focando-se em níveis progressivos de liberdade e potencial reabilitação.

Terms definitions
1. society. A society is a group of individuals interacting to achieve common goals, sharing a fundamental principle of bonding. Characterised by networks of interconnected relationships, societies can be institutionalised or non-institutionalised, ranging from bands and tribes to complex state structures. Communities serve as intermediary groups between individuals and wider societal structures, encompassing family, professional and social networks. Anthropological perspectives emphasise the organisation of societies based on subsistence, technology and communication, challenging previous hierarchical notions. Social norms and institutions play crucial roles in maintaining group cohesion, with mechanisms such as generosity, status recognition and shared rituals. The evolution of societies reflects changing dynamics of cooperation, specialisation and adaptation, demonstrating how human groups organise themselves to survive and thrive in different cultural and environmental contexts.
2. seclusion. Solitary confinement is a legal practice involving the deprivation of individual liberty through custodial measures. It can be imposed by the state or voluntarily carried out for religious, social or personal reasons. In the criminal justice system, solitary confinement varies according to jurisdiction, with different regimes including closed, semi-open and open systems. Grounds for isolation include arrests, pre-trial measures and court sentences. The process can be triggered by various legal mechanisms such as warrants and flagrant offences. Psychologically, isolation can significantly impact mental health, with potential long-term challenges in social reintegration. The legal implications are complex, governed by specific jurisdictional laws that define the conditions, duration and rights of isolated individuals. The practice balances punitive measures with human rights and rehabilitation considerations.
Detention (Wikipedia)
 Note: Para o filme conhecido no Brasil como Detention, see The Experiment.

Em Criminal Law, detenção pode referir-se à detenção momentânea de uma pessoa em algum lugar ou condução momentânea da pessoa a algum lugar para uma justificável averiguação e apenas pelo tempo necessário para essa averiguação. Quando praticada sem abusos, é legítimo poder de polícia. São exemplos: bloqueio policial ou a condução de um motorista a uma delegacia para conferir a autenticidade do seu documento de habilitação.

Homem sendo detido em Brasília.

Por metonímia, o termo "detenção" pode designar também o prédio da prisão (ou casa de detenção).

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