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Public Defender's Office

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O Gabinete do Defensor Público no Brasil é uma instituição constitucional com autonomia administrativa e funcional, dedicada a fornecer defesa jurídica gratuita para cidadãos economicamente desfavorecidos. Estabelecido na Constitution[2] Federal, opera como um órgão público independente e essencial que promove os human rights[1]. Após reformas constitucionais, o gabinete ganhou autonomia aprimorada, não estando mais subordinado ao Executive branch[3]. Regulado pela Law[4] Complementar 80 de 1994 e posteriormente modificado pela Lei Complementar 132 de 2009, funciona nos níveis federal e estadual. Cada state[5], como Minas Gerais, possui legislação específica que define a competência e a estrutura dos Defensores Públicos. Seu mandato principal é assegurar o acesso à defesa jurídica, proteger os direitos dos cidadãos e fornecer apoio jurídico abrangente àqueles que não podem pagar por representação jurídica privada.

Terms definitions
1. ↑ human rights. Human rights are fundamental freedoms and protections inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, gender, nationality or status. Rooted in the philosophical traditions of natural rights and social contract theories, they encompass civil, political, economic, social and cultural dimensions. The modern model of human rights emerged after the Second World War, with the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights serving as its cornerstone. International and regional systems such as the European Convention on Human Rights and the Inter-American Commission have developed mechanisms to monitor and enforce these rights. Key organisations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch advocate globally for human dignity. Contemporary challenges include addressing ongoing violations, balancing universal principles with cultural contexts and confronting emerging issues such as digital rights and environmental protections. The field continues to evolve, reflecting complex global dynamics of justice, equality and human dignity.
2. ↑ Constitution ( Constitution ) Constitutions are fundamental legal documents that define government structures, rights and principles. They can be rigid or flexible, existing at national, regional or local levels, and are created by a sovereign constituent power. Constitutional reforms are typically carried out by a derived constituent power with specific limitations. Key features include protecting fundamental rights, establishing state mechanisms and maintaining legal supremacy. Control mechanisms ensure constitutional compliance through diffuse and concentrated review processes. Most democratic constitutions are developed through constituent assemblies and include provisions that protect core normative elements. International influences, particularly from the American and French revolutions, have shaped modern constitutional theory. Notably, some constitutions such as India's are extensively detailed, with hundreds of articles and amendments. The principle of constitutional unity emphasises the harmonious interpretation of legal principles, resolving potential conflicts through balanced approaches.
Public Defender's Office (Wikipedia)

A Public Defender's Office é um órgão governamental de acesso à justiça e assistência jurídica gratuita.

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