Calúnia - Advogados Cabo Verde

Slander

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A calúnia é um crime grave contra a honra que envolve a atribuição falsa de um ato criminal^[2] a um indivíduo, danificando a sua reputação na society^[3]. Requer a acusação de um ato criminoso específico, juridicamente definido e demonstravelmente falso. A offence^[5] visa a honra objetiva, focando na perceção social externa. Qualquer pessoa pode ser simultaneamente perpetrador e vítima, incluindo entidades legais em determinados contextos. Existem exceções legais para processos judiciais, críticas profissionais e avaliações oficiais. Notavelmente, a retratação total antes da sentença pode isentar o infrator de punição. O Conselho de Human Rights^[1] da ONU destacou riscos potenciais de leis de calúnia serem utilizadas para censura politics^[4]. Fornecer explicações esclarecedoras pode anular a intenção criminal, e o ato é considerado uma classificação legal complexa que envolve múltiplos elementos jurisdicionais e intencionais.

Terms definitions

1. ↑ Human Rights ( Human Rights ) Human rights are fundamental freedoms and protections inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, gender, nationality or status. Rooted in the philosophical traditions of natural rights and social contract theories, they encompass civil, political, economic, social and cultural dimensions. The modern model of human rights emerged after the Second World War, with the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights serving as its cornerstone. International and regional systems such as the European Convention on Human Rights and the Inter-American Commission have developed mechanisms to monitor and enforce these rights. Key organisations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch advocate globally for human dignity. Contemporary challenges include addressing ongoing violations, balancing universal principles with cultural contexts and confronting emerging issues such as digital rights and environmental protections. The field continues to evolve, reflecting complex global dynamics of justice, equality and human dignity.

2. ↑ criminal. Criminals are individuals who violate legal norms by committing offences without justification. Their actions can range from impulsive offences motivated by emotional triggers to calculated and professional criminal activities. The classification of criminals includes impulsive offenders who act out of sudden emotion, occasional criminals who respond to specific circumstances and habitual criminals who systematically engage in criminal behaviour. Legal systems usually address criminal actions through due process, imposing sanctions such as imprisonment, fines or restrictions on rights. Punishments serve two purposes: corrective rehabilitation and deterrence. Factors that contribute to criminal behaviour include emotional instability, environmental influences and potential mental health challenges. The criminal justice approach varies depending on the type and severity of the offence, with interventions designed to prevent future criminal activity and protect society.

Slander (Wikipedia)

Note: Se procura telenovela de 1966, veja Calúnia (telenovela).

This page or section is written primarily from the perspective of Brazilian and may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss this case in the discussion page.

Calúnia é um dos crimes contra a honra, e consiste em imputar ou atribuir falsamente a alguém um fato definido como crime (art. 138, CP/40). Tal crime atinge a honra objetiva, a qual é uma percepção externa da sociedade sobre as qualidades de certo indivíduo. Deste modo, é atribuído ao indivíduo um fato desabonador, em especial, um comportamento que é contrário ao ordenamento jurídico. Portanto, dentre todos os crimes contra a honra, a calúnia é o mais grave.

Crime of slander
in Brazilian Penal Code
Article	138
Title	Dos crimes contra a pessoa
Chapter	Dos crimes contra a honra
Too bad	Detention, de 6 meses a dois anos, e multa
Action	Privada
Competence	Single judge