Brocardo

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Os adágios jurídicos latinos servem como ferramentas linguísticas concisas em sistemas judiciais, particularmente dentro das tradições de civil law[2]. Estas frases, enraizadas no roman law[3] e canónico, destilam princípios jurídicos complexos em expressões memoráveis. Exemplos incluem “Ignorantia juris non excusat” (ignorância da law[4] não é desculpa) e “Dura lex, sed lex” (a lei é dura, mas é a lei). Funcionam para resumir conceitos jurídicos intrincados, fornecer orientação interpretativa e manter a terminologia jurídica histórica. Empregues em várias jurisdições jurídicas, estes adágios ajudam a padronizar a compreensão e aplicação de princípios jurídicos. Estudiosos e profissionais jurídicos documentam e estudam estas expressões usando recursos como o dicionário Ope Juris, recorrendo frequentemente ao Alfabeto Fonético Internacional para capturar pronunciações autênticas. Como artefactos linguísticos vivos, estes adágios continuam a evoluir em paralelo com a jurisprudence[1] contemporânea.

Terms definitions
1. jurisprudence. Case law is the systematic study of legal principles and judicial decisions, originating in Roman law and developing through English common law. It encompasses the interpretation and application of laws by the courts, serving to fill legal gaps and adapt to contemporary societal needs. Judicial decisions provide critical guidance for legal practice, with specialised databases helping lawyers navigate complex legal landscapes. While laws have broader application and are created through legislative processes, court decisions offer specific interpretations and precedents within a given jurisdiction. The discipline plays a crucial role in understanding legal customs, resolving disputes and ensuring consistent judicial reasoning. Modern jurisprudence relies on technological solutions to categorise and analyse court decisions, enabling more efficient legal research and interpretation.
2. civil law. Civil law is a comprehensive legal system that governs private relations in various jurisdictions. Originating from Roman law (Ius Civile), it encompasses principles of ethics, sociability and operability. The system influences multiple legal traditions, including Brazilian civil law, which has undergone significant transformations through historical codifications. The Brazilian Civil Code, established in 2002 (Law No. 10.406), replaced previous legal structures and introduced progressive changes such as reducing the age of civil majority to 18, allowing parental emancipation from the age of 16 and guaranteeing equal rights for artificial and natural children. Its structure includes a General Part, a Special Part and a Complementary Part, addressing various legal domains. The code reflects evolving social norms by promoting gender equality and adapting legal definitions to contemporary social contexts, demonstrating the dynamic nature of civil law in regulating citizens' interactions and rights.
Brocardo (Wikipedia)

One brocardo (em Latin: brocardus) is a princípio or axioma legal, em maior parte escrito em latim, e que expressa concisamente um conceito ou regra maior. A origem da palavra vem da latinização do nome de Burcardo (Burckard or Burchard), um bispo de Wormsno Sacro Império Romano-Germânico entre os anos 1000 e 1025 e autor de uma compilação de vinte volumes de canon law chamada Regulae Ecclesiasticae ("Regras Eclesiásticas"), que incluíam diversas máximas e axiomas.

Páginas do Decretum, de Burchard de Worms

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