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Abandonment of the incapable

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Abandono de uma pessoa incapaz é um crime que envolve deixar um indivíduo vulnerável sem possibilidade de defesa. A penalidade varia de 6 meses a 12 anos de prisão, dependendo das consequências do abandono. Lesão corporal[1] grave pode resultar em 1-5 anos de prisão, enquanto a death[3] leva a 4-12 anos. As penas podem aumentar em um terço se o abandono ocorrer em local remoto ou for cometido por familiar, tutor ou cuidador. O crime requer intenção específica e se consuma quando a vítima é colocada em perigo, mesmo que momentaneamente. Crimes relacionados incluem omissão de auxílio, abandono de recém-nascido e potencial murder[2]. A caracterização exige avaliação jurídica cuidadosa, pois o comportamento pode constituir diferentes crimes se elementos essenciais estiverem ausentes.

Terms definitions
1. ↑ Bodily injury ( Lesão corporal ) Bodily injury is physical harm inflicted on a person, defined in Brazilian Penal Law in Article 129. It covers various degrees of damage, from mild to fatal, and can be intentional or unintentional. The law distinguishes between different types of injury, including serious bodily injury involving permanent disability, loss of function or incurable disease. Domestic violence carries aggravated penalties. Perpetrators can be anyone, and the victim is typically another individual. The legal framework considers factors such as intent, provocation and social context when determining penalties. Culpable bodily injury, resulting from recklessness or negligence, is treated separately. The penal code allows for judicial discretion in sentencing, potentially reducing penalties for privileged bodily injury or substituting detention for fines in less serious cases.
2. ↑ murder. Homicide is the act of one person killing another, with varying legal and social interpretations in different contexts. It can be classified as justifiable, excusable or criminal, and can involve intentional or negligent actions. In Brazilian criminal law, homicide requires a natural person as the active and passive subject, with specific legal distinctions between types such as simple, qualified and privileged homicide. Proving homicide requires establishing the corpus delicti, typically through physical or testimonial evidence. Prevention strategies involve a comprehensive approach that addresses social factors such as poverty, inequality, the availability of weapons and mental health. The legal system aims to protect individuals' right to life through criminal justice policies, community interventions and public awareness initiatives that target the underlying causes of violent behaviour.
Abandonment of the incapable (Wikipedia)

Abandonment of the incapable is a crime previsto no Código Penal brasileiro, em seu capítulo dos crimes de periclitação da vida e da saúde, especificamente no artigo 133:

Abandonar pessoa que está sob seu cuidado, guarda, vigilância ou autoridade, e por qualquer motivo incapaz de defender-se dos riscos resultantes do abandono.

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